咨询电话:400-6300-966

招考
资讯

考试动态 大纲 招简 考研常识 指南 择校择专业 报录比 在职考研 >>

备考
资料

政治 英语 数学 联考 专业课 专硕 历年真题 考研资料 >>

考研
课程

全年集训营 乐学考研 推免 启学OL/OAO 魔鬼集训 >>

考研
学科

经济 会计 法学 医学 金融 心理 管理 艺术 教育 翻译 计算机

招生资讯

考试动态 考研大纲 招生简章 报录比 择校择专业 招生目录 考研常识 考研报考 考研指南 院校排名 准考证打印 考试书目 成绩查询 考研复试 调剂信息 保研推免 考研分数线 录取通知 考研时间 在职考研 考研调剂 大专考研 考研问答

备考资料

考研英语: 英语词汇 阅理解读 新题型    完型填空 大作文 语法 翻译 考研数学: 高等数学 线性代数 概率统计 模拟试题 考研政治:时政热点 马哲原理 近代史 思修法基 毛中特 真题 试题 考研联考:初等数学 逻辑推理 中文写作 经济类数学

考研课程

魔鬼集训营 全年集训营 在校生考研 经济类联考 在职考研 经济学考研 心理学考研 医学考研 应用心理硕士 教育硕士考研 解题训练营 考研推免生 乐学早起鸟 管理类联考 会计学考研 艺术考研 教育学考研 法硕考研 金融硕士考研 管理学考研

您所在的位置: 中公考研 > 考研英语 > 阅读 > 正文

2019考研英语阅读冲刺模拟及答案(3)

发布时间:2018-11-28 15:06:22 | 来源:中公考研  

考研英语阅读是重头戏,冲刺复习一定要强加练习。先把阅读拿下,中公考研小编跟大家分享几套阅读冲刺模拟及答案解析。注意总结错题,掌握做题方法和技巧。

Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science,but their form and function,their dimensions and appearance,were determined by technologists,artisans,designers,inventors,and engineers &mdash using nonscientific modes of thought. Many features and qualities of the objects that a technologist thinks about cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptionsthey are dealt with in the mind by a visual,nonverbal process. In the development of Western technology,it has been nonverbal thinking,by and large,that has fixed the outlines and filled in the details of our material surroundings. Pyramids,cathedrals,and rockets exist not because of geometry or thermodynamics,but because they were first a picture in the minds of those who built them.

The creative shaping process of a technologist''s mind can be seen in nearly every artifact that exists. For example,in designing a diesel engine,a technologist might impress individual ways of nonverbal thinking on the machine by continually using an intuitive sense of rightness and fitness. What would be the shape of the combustion chamber? Where should be valves be placed? Should it have a long or short piston? Such questions have a range of answers that are supplied by experience,by physical requirements,by limitations of available space,and not least by a sense of form. Some decisions such as wall thickness and pin diameter,may depend on scientific calculations,but the nonscientific component of design remains primary.

Design courses,then,should be an essential element in engineering curricula. Nonverbal thinking,a central mechanism in engineering design,involves perceptions,the stock-in-trade of the artist,not the scientist. Because perceptive processes are not assumed to entail hard thinking, nonverbal thought is sometimes seen as a primitive stage in the development of cognitive processes and inferior to verbal or mathematical thought. But it is paradoxical that when the staff of the Historic American Engineering Record wished to have drawings made of machines and isometric views of industrial processes for its historical record of American engineering,the only college students with the requisite abilities were not engineering students,but rather students attending architectural schools.

If courses in design,which in a strongly analytical engineering curriculum provide the background required for practical problem-solving,are not provided,we can expect to encounter silly but costly errors occurring in advanced engineering systems. For example,early models of high-speed railroad cars loaded with sophisticated controls were unable to operate in a snowstorm because a fan sucked snow into the electrical system. Absurd random failures that plague automatic control systems are not merely trivial aberrationsthey are a reflection of the chaos that results when design is assumed to be primarily a problem in mathematics.

1.In the text,the author is primarily concerned with

[A] identifying the kinds of thinking that are used by technologists.

[B] stressing the importance of nonverbal thinking in engineering design.

[C] proposing a new role for nonscientific thinking in the development of technology.

[D] contrasting the goals of engineers with those of technologists.

2.It can be inferred that the author thinks engineering curricula are

[A] strengthened when they include courses in design.

[B] weakened by the substitution of physical science courses for courses designed to develop mathematical skills.

[C] strong because nonverbal thinking is still emphasized by most of the courses.

[D] strong despite the errors that graduates of such curricula have made in the development of automatic control systems.

3.Which of the following statements best illustrates the main point of the first two paragraphs of the text?

[A] When a machine like a rotary engine malfunctions,it is the technologist who is best equipped to repair it.

[B] Each component of an automobile &mdash for example,the engine or the fuel tank &mdash has a shape that has been scientifically determined to be best suited to that component''s function.

[C] A telephone is a complex instrument designed by technologists using only nonverbal thought.

[D] The distinctive features of a suspension bridge reflect its designer''s conceptualization as well as the physical requirements of its site.

4.Which of the following statements would best serve as an introduction to the text?

[A] The assumption that the knowledge incorporated in technological developments must be derived from science ignores the many nonscientific decisions made by technologists.

[B] Analytical thought is no longer a vital component in the success of technological development.

[C] As knowledge of technology has increased,the tendency has been to lose sight of the important role played by scientific thought in making decisions about form,arrangement,and texture.

[D] A movement in engineering colleges toward a technician''s degree reflects a demand for graduates who have the nonverbal reasoning ability that was once common among engineers.

5.The author calls the predicament faced by the Historic American Engineering Record paradoxical (line 6,paragraph 3) most probably because

[A] the publication needed drawings that its own staff could not make.

[B] architectural schools offered but did not require engineering design courses for their students.

[C] college students were qualified to make the drawings while practicing engineers were not.

[D] engineering students were not trained to make the type of drawings needed to record the development of their own discipline.

免责声明:本站所提供的内容均来源于网友提供或网络搜集,由本站编辑整理,仅供个人研究、交流学习使用,不涉及商业盈利目的。如涉及版权问题,请联系本站管理员予以更改或删除。

【责任编辑:陈佳元】

中公考研课堂

  • 考研公共课
  • 考研专业课
课程系列 班次名称 价格 免费试听
考研政治网络课堂 2023年考研网校全程进阶班-政治 ¥980.00 免费试听
考研英语网络课堂 2023年考研网校全程进阶班-英语一 ¥980.00 免费试听
2023年考研网校全程进阶班-英语二 ¥980.00 免费试听
考研数学网络课堂 2023年考研网校联报进阶VIP班-政英二数 ¥2240.00 免费试听
2023年考研网校全程进阶班-数学 ¥980.00 免费试听
2023年考研网校联报进阶VIP班-政数 ¥1560.00 免费试听
考研管综网络课堂 2023年考研网校全程进阶班-管综 ¥1980.00 免费试听
联报精讲VIP班 23考研在职人起跑公共课直播VIP班-联报 ¥4880.00 免费试听
23考研在职人联报专属VIP班-政英二经综 ¥4140.00 免费试听
2023考研在职人联报专属VIP班-政英二数 ¥4140.00 免费试听
  2023考研全年集训营

考研是一场选拔性考试,没有捷径。2023考研来袭备考需尽早启动,从"择校"到"复试",中公考研带你科学备考>> GO>

  2023考研乐学辅导班

23考研大数据解密变难"成必然趋势?与其焦虑不如提早准备营造优势,23乐学让你满载而归。地毯式扫清学习漏洞,漏洞式补强薄弱环节GO>

面授课程

|

网校课程

考研题库

  • 英语真题
  • 政治真题
  • 数学真题
  • 专业课真题

英语一: 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016

英语二: 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016

政 治: 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016

单选题: 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016

多选题: 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016

分析题: 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016

数学一: 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016

数学二: 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016

数学三: 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016

心理学: 2021 2019 2018 2017 2016 2014

教育学: 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016

管理类: 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016

经济类: 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015

西 医: 2021 2020 2016 2013 2012 2011

报考信息

备考指导

 

 

中公考研名师指导: 择校择专业 跨专业报考 1V1专业解答